Guangxi Daily Exclusive: Momwe Galimoto Imeneyi Yochokera ku Liuzhou Inakwerera Pamwamba pa Msika Wadziko Lonse

Posachedwapa, magalimoto akuluakulu a hydrogen fuel cell anayamba kutuluka pang'onopang'ono mu workshop yanzeru yopanga magalimoto amalonda ya Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co., Ltd. (DFLZM)Dzuwa la masika linawala pa matupi awo ofiira, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti chizindikiro chokongola cha "Chenglong" chiwonekere bwino kwambiri. Qiu Li, Woyang'anira Zogulitsa ku Galimoto YopepukaKampani ya s & Hydrogen Fuel Products ku DFLZM, inagwira thupi la galimotoyo monyadira ndi mawu ake: "Zimene mukuwona si galimoto yatsopano yokha, koma 'galimoto yomanga chuma' yozikidwa pa njira ya dziko yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zomwe zimapatsa anthu mphamvu zowonjezera ndalama zawo!"

DFLZM yakhazikitsa mphamvu ya haidrojeni ngati gawo lofunika kwambiri pamodzi ndi mafuta, gasi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yeniyeni. Yamaliza kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa magalimoto a haidrojeni kuyambira mu 2022, yasonkhanitsa deta yambiri yogwira ntchito, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana m'mapulatifomu onse kuphatikiza magalimoto opepuka, apakatikati komanso olemera. Ndi chidwi, atolankhani adalowa mu mzere wanzeru wa DFLZM wopanga magalimoto amalonda, kuti akafufuze momwe kampani yotsogola yamagalimoto ku Liuzhou, yokhala ndi zaka zoposa 70 zogwira ntchito mozama mu gawo la magalimoto amalonda, imathetsera mavuto amakampani ndi luso lamakono ndikumanga maziko olimba a oyendetsa magalimoto kuti apange chuma ndi mbiri yake pamsika.

"Musanyengedwe ndi mawonekedwe ofanana a galimoto yolemera ya hydrogen iyi ndi magalimoto wamba olemera. Kupangidwa kwaukadaulo mkati mwake ndi 'ukatswiri weniweni'," anatero Ping Yan, mainjiniya ku DFLZM R&D Institute, pamene anali kukhala pansi ndikugogoda masilinda osungira hydrogen omwe adakonzedwa bwino.

Potsegula chivundikirocho, makina osungira mafuta a haidrojeni okonzedwa bwino anali okongola kwambiri. "Chinthu chilichonse chatsopano chomwe timapanga chimayang'ana pa cholinga chakuti 'gwiritsani ntchito ndalama zochepa, pezani zambiri'," Ping Yan adayambitsa pamene adagwira ntchito pa malo osungira mafuta. Mphamvu yotulutsa mafuta a galimoto iyi imayambira pa 200kW mpaka 300kW, ndipo mphamvu yake ndi yokwera kufika pa 300kW—kuwirikiza kawiri mphamvu ya makampani akuluakulu.

"Nthawi yogwira ntchito ya mafuta okwana maola 30,000, yofanana ndi ulendo woyenda wa makilomita 1.2 miliyoni, womwe ndi wokwera ndi 50% kuposa avareji ya makampani. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchito kwa oyendetsa magalimoto," anatero Ping Yan mosangalala.

Ukadaulo wodabwitsa uwu unakonzedwa ndi gulu la R&D m'malo ovuta kwambiri. "Nyengo yozizira yatha, tinkakhala ku Mohe, m'dera lozizira la -30℃. Tinakwera m'galimoto kuti tikonze zolakwika m'mawa uliwonse, ndipo sitinasiye ngakhale zala zathu zitauma chifukwa cha kuzizira," Ping Yan anakumbukira. Pomaliza gululo linayamba kuzizira popanda thandizo pansi pa kuzizira kwambiri kwa -30℃, ndi chiŵerengero chocheperako cha kuchepa kwa mtunda chochepera 10%. Izi zinathetsa vuto loyambira kuzizira kotsika, zomwe zinathandiza magalimoto a hydrogen kuti agwire ntchito kumpoto ndi kum'mwera kwa China m'nyengo zinayi.

"Oyendetsa magalimoto akuluakulu amalowa m'magalimoto kuti cholinga chawo chachikulu chikhale chimodzi: kunyamula katundu wambiri," anatero Ping Yan pamene ankatsegula chitseko cha galimoto ya hydrogen ndikuitana atolankhani kuti alowe m'galimoto. Cholumikizira chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso mpando wakumbuyo waukulu zonse zinapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zizolowezi za oyendetsa magalimoto ataliatali. Posonyeza kulemera kwa chitseko, anati gululo layendera mizinda yoposa 20 ndi makampani opitilira 50 okonza zinthu kuti athetse vuto la "kulemera kwakukulu kwa curb komwe kumabweretsa katundu wochepa". Kudzera muukadaulo wodzipangira wokha, mafelemu achitsulo amphamvu kwambiri ndi zida za aluminiyamu, kulemera kwa curb ya galimotoyo ndi kopepuka ndi 200-500 kg kuposa avareji ya makampani. "Panjira yokonza zinthu kuchokera ku Liuzhou kupita ku Shenzhen, pansi pa mikhalidwe yovomerezeka, oyendetsa magalimoto amatha kunyamula katundu wochuluka wokwana matani angapo ndikupeza yuan masauzande ambiri chaka chilichonse. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso yopindulitsa," anatero Ping Yan moona mtima.

Phindu ndi lofunika, ndipo chitetezo ndi chofunika kwambiri. Ping Yan anakankhira mwamphamvu chimango cha kabati: "Iyi ndi kabati yathu yapadera ya 'fupa la chinjoka', yolumikizidwa ndi matabwa achitsulo amphamvu kwambiri ndipo yolumikizidwa ndi matabwa awiri oletsa kugundana, monga kabati yotetezera madalaivala." Anafotokoza kuti kapangidwe kameneka sikuti kamangoteteza madalaivala okha, komanso kamateteza bwino gulu la hydrogen silinda ndi mafuta ngati pachitika ngozi, zomwe zimapewa chiopsezo cha kutayikira kwa hydrogen.

Polankhula za nkhawa zomwe anthu ambiri ali nazo zokhudza chitetezo cha haidrojeni, Qiu Li anati modekha kuti magalimoto a haidrojeni a DFLZM pakadali pano akugwiritsa ntchito malo osungira haidrojeni otetezeka komanso opanda mpweya ndipo akukonza kuti ayambe kusungira haidrojeni yamadzimadzi. Potengera zaka zambiri zomwe kampaniyo yakhala ikugwira ntchito popanga masilinda amphamvu kwambiri, masilinda a haidrojeni odzipereka apambana mayeso oopsa kuphatikizapo kugunda, kubowola ndi moto, ndi miyezo yachitetezo yokwera kuposa masilinda wamba. Zogulitsazi zapambana ziphaso zapakhomo ndi zapadziko lonse lapansi, popanda ngozi ndi zoopsa zobisika kuyambira pomwe zidayambitsidwa ndi anthu ambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kayendetsedwe ka malamulo okhwima adziko lonse, njira yonseyi ndi yotetezeka komanso yowongoleredwa.

Ukadaulo wamakono mwachibadwa umapangitsa kuti msika ukhale wopambana. Qiu Li anati mosangalala: "Mu Novembala 2024, pa chikondwerero cha zaka 70 za DFLZM, galimoto yathu yoyamba ya hydrogen heavy-duty, Chenglong H7 PRO, idayamba kugulitsidwa mwalamulo. Izi zidawonetsa kupita patsogolo kwatsopano mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha makampani a hydrogen heavy-duty ndipo zidayambitsa gawo latsopano la kafukufuku ndi chitukuko chachikulu komanso kupanga. Mu 2025, kuchuluka kwa katundu wathu kudapitilira mayunitsi 1,800, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale malo apamwamba pamsika pankhani ya gawo la msika, ndipo maoda athu apano akonzedwa kale theka lachiwiri la chaka."

Pa nthawi yoyankhulana, Qiu Li adatsegula foni yake yam'manja, ndipo chidziwitso cha 2026 chokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya hydrogen chomwe chidatulutsidwa mu Marichi chaka chino chinali chodziwika bwino. Chinanena kuti magalimoto akuluakulu a hydrogen "akusintha kuchoka pakuwonetsa kupita pakupanga zinthu zambiri, kuchoka pa kuyendetsa kupita ku malonda". Dzikoli lakhazikitsa cholinga chochulukitsa kawiri chiwerengero cha magalimoto amafuta omwe akugwira ntchito pofika chaka cha 2030 poyerekeza ndi chaka cha 2025, ndipo lakhazikitsa mfundo monga "ndalama zothandizira m'malo mwa ndalama zolipirira mwachindunji" ndi "kuchepetsa msonkho wa pamsewu ndi kukhululukidwa," zomwe zabweretsa kukula kwamphamvu kwamakampani.

Qiu Li adalengeza kuti magalimoto akuluakulu a DFLZM akhala akuthandiza kwambiri pazochitika monga mayendedwe, migodi ndi madoko. Pa "njira ya hydrogen" ya New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor ku Western China, mtunda wawo wogwirira ntchito wafika makilomita 30 miliyoni; ku Fuyuan Coal Mine ku Yunnan Province, mtengo woyendera ndi kubwerera pansi pa katundu wolemera ndi wotsika kuposa wa magalimoto akuluakulu amagetsi; ndipo pamsika wa trunk logistics ku Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, maoda a batch asainidwa ndikuperekedwa motsatizana.

Polankhula za tsogolo, Qiu Li ali ndi chidaliro chodzaza. DFLZM ikusintha kuchoka pa "kusintha mafuta kukhala haidrojeni" kupita ku "pulatifomu yamagetsi ya hydrogen", ndikupititsa patsogolo kusintha kwa ukadaulo wosungira haidrojeni kuchokera ku mpweya kupita ku madzi. Kampaniyo ikukonzekera kukwaniritsa mtengo wofanana pakugula magalimoto amafuta a haidrojeni ndi magalimoto amagetsi oyera mkati mwa zaka 5, ndi kutulutsa kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa mayunitsi 100 ndi kutulutsa kwa pachaka kwa mayunitsi opitilira 30,000, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mtengo wonse wa magalimoto akuluakulu a haidrojeni ukhale wotsika kuposa wa magalimoto a dizilo.

Mphamvu ya haidrojeni si njira yolowa m'malo mwa gwero limodzi la mphamvu, koma ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yokwaniritsira njira yosungira mphamvu ya nthawi yayitali mdziko muno. Yozikidwa pa maziko olimba a mafakitale a Liuzhou, DFLZM imaona malo ochitira misonkhano ngati chipinda choyesera, ukadaulo ngati pepala loyankhira, komanso ubwino wa anthu ngati maziko. Imasintha mphamvu zatsopano zopangira zinthu kukhala mphamvu ya chitukuko, zomwe zimathandiza magalimoto akuluakulu a haidrojeni opangidwa ndi makampani anzeru a Liuzhou kuti akwere ndi mphamvu ya haidrojeni. Yogwirizana kwambiri ndi chitukuko chonse cha mafakitale mdziko muno komanso maloto omanga chuma a oyendetsa magalimoto ambirimbiri,Magalimoto Oyendera Magalimoto ikwaniritsa kukula kokhazikika komanso kwanthawi yayitali mu gawo la katundu wosamalira zachilengedwe.